Documentation Strings

What are Documentation Strings?#

In Python, Documentation strings, or docstrings, are a type of comment used to explain the purpose of a function or a class. Docstrings are a crucial tool for programmers because they provide a convenient way of associating documentation with Python modules, functions, classes, and methods.

Syntax of Docstrings#

A docstring is a string written as the first statement in the body of a function, module, class, or method definition. They are defined by using triple quotes, either single '''docstring''' or double """docstring""".

Here is an example:

1def add_numbers(x, y):
2    """This function adds two numbers together."""
3    return x + y

Accessing Docstrings#

Python has a built-in help() function that can help you access this documentation whenever required.

1def add_numbers(x, y):
2    """This function adds two numbers together."""
3    return x + y
4
5help(add_numbers)

In this example, if you run this program, it will output the docstring:

Help on function add_numbers in module __main__:

add_numbers(x, y)
    This function adds two numbers together.

The Importance of Docstrings#

Docstrings form the basis of automated documentation in Python, available via the help() function in the Python interpreter. This significantly increases the readability and understanding of the code - especially in larger codebases.

Moreover, many IDEs also use these docstrings to provide context-aware help and hints, enhancing the development experience.

Conclusion#

Docstrings are an essential part of Python programming, allowing you to embed useful information and documentation directly into your Python scripts. Well-documented code is critical to maintainable and reusable code - so it’s always good practice to be diligent in your docstring use.